In modern healthcare, heart and artery diseases are often underestimated due to misconceptions surrounding their symptoms. Many individuals believe that these conditions make themselves evident through severe chest pain or sudden health crises. However, a significant number of patients live with dangerously narrowed arteries without any noticeable symptoms. They go about their daily lives, completely unaware that their cardiovascular health is at serious risk. Dr. Sumit Kapadia, a Vascular Surgeon and Varicose Vein Specialist, emphasizes that even a 70% blockage in arteries can remain asymptomatic for a long period. This silent nature of artery disease is what makes it particularly life-threatening.

The gradual development of blockages within arteries is a subtle process, often unnoticed until it's too late. Fatty deposits accumulate over the years, progressively limiting blood flow without any warning signs. Symptoms frequently manifest only when the narrowing reaches an alarming 80% to 90%, a stage at which urgent medical intervention becomes crucial. It is not uncommon for patients to visit clinics for seemingly minor health concerns, only to be blindsided by diagnostics that reveal severe arterial issues through ultrasounds or Doppler scans.

Once symptoms do appear, they may include leg cramps that alleviate with rest, numbness or tingling in the limbs, persistent leg fatigue, slow-healing cuts or ulcers on the feet, and changes in skin color, such as pallor or bluish patches. Many individuals dismiss these signs as natural aging, minor strains, or fatigue, inadvertently wasting valuable time that could lead to more effective interventions.

Certain demographics are at a higher risk for developing artery disease and should prioritize proactive screening. People with diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, a history of smoking, a family history of heart or vascular issues, and those over 45—especially men—are particularly vulnerable. Notably, even those who appear fit and healthy are not exempt due to metabolic and genetic factors.

There are two effective non-invasive tests that can identify arterial blockages before symptoms arise. The Ankle-Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) compares the blood pressure in the ankle and arm, giving insight into blood flow levels. A low score might indicate restricted blood circulation. The Doppler Ultrasound test monitors real-time blood flow and any narrowing within the arteries, taking only a few minutes to perform.

Addressing silent diseases requires proactive engagement from individuals. Relying solely on pain as a warning sign is comparable to waiting for smoke signals instead of installing a smoke detector. For those who have delayed necessary screenings, today is the perfect opportunity to take action to protect your cardiovascular health. Prioritizing prevention can save time and effort in the long run, while procrastination can lead to dire consequences.